Ajwain variety · Released variety
Ajmer Ajwain-2
Also known as AA-2
ICAR-NRCSS, Ajmer, Rajasthan · ICAR-NRCSS · In use since 1990s-2000s
Early-maturing variety, suited to short-season cropping. Plant height 80 cm, produces 185 umbels per plant. Seeds contain 3% essential oil. Key advantage: matures 18 days earlier than AA-1.
Key facts
| Type | Released variety |
|---|---|
| Origin | ICAR-NRCSS, Ajmer, Rajasthan |
| Breeder / source | ICAR-NRCSS |
| Year released | In use since 1990s-2000s |
| Parentage | Selection from local germplasm for early maturity trait |
| Yield | Reported 12.83 q/ha under irrigated; 5.2 q/ha rainfed; maturity 147 days. |
| Tolerance | Resistant to powdery mildew; tolerates moderate moisture stress under rainfed conditions. |
| Distinctive features | Smaller seeds than AA-1, early-maturing habit ideal for integrated cropping systems in Rajasthan and Gujarat. |
| Grown in | Rajasthan, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh |
| Also known as | AA-2 |
Figures are indicative, compiled from public agricultural sources (ICAR institutes, State Agricultural Universities, the Spices Board and the National Innovation Foundation) and vary with soil, season and management. Confirm with your local package of practices.
Ajmer Ajwain-2 in detail
Ajmer Ajwain-2 (AA-2) is an early-maturing carom variety from ICAR-NRCSS, Ajmer, that finishes about 18 days earlier than AA-1, making it suited to short-season cropping and integrated farming systems in Rajasthan and Gujarat.
Origin & story
AA-2 was developed at ICAR's National Research Centre on Seed Spices (NRCSS), Ajmer, Rajasthan, and has been in use since roughly the 1990s-2000s. It was bred for early maturity to give farmers a faster crop cycle than the earlier AA-1. Both AA-1 and AA-2 are used as standard check (reference) varieties in ajwain research trials in India.
How it grows
Grows to about 80 cm and produces around 185 umbels per plant. Its main advantage is early maturity — roughly 18 days ahead of AA-1 — which suits short-season blocks and integrated cropping rotations where an early release helps fit a following crop. Like most ajwain, it is grown as a rabi crop, typically sown around September-October.
Quality & character
Seeds are smaller than AA-1, with typical ajwain morphology — small, oval, greyish-brown. The crop carries about 185 umbels per plant, and seeds contain roughly 3% essential oil, within the normal range for the crop.
Why it matters to buyers
AA-2's draw is its early harvest — about 18 days faster than AA-1 — which matters for short-season planting windows and integrated systems. The trade-off is its smaller seed size compared with bolder-seeded newer varieties. It is used as a reference (check) variety in Indian research trials, which reflects its established standing.
About ajwain
Ajwain—the heat-packed seeds of *Trachyspermum ammi*—remains a defining seed spice across India, with Gujarat accounting for roughly 33% of national production, followed closely by Rajasthan (28%) and Madhya Pradesh (27%), together representing nearly 90% of India's output. Over five decades, ICAR institutes like NRCSS Ajmer and regional research stations…
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