Dry Red Chilli variety · Released variety
Arka Suphal
Also known as Arka Suphal, Arka Suphal PMR 57
ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research (IIHR), Bengaluru · IIHR, Karnataka (ICAR) · 2002 (recommended for release)
Medium-long fruits (6–7 cm × 1 cm), green turning deep red, pendent bearing facilitating harvest, high yield. Tolerant to powdery mildew and viruses. Suited for both irrigated and rainfed cultivation, with smooth fruit maturation to drying.
Key facts
| Type | Released variety |
|---|---|
| Origin | ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research (IIHR), Bengaluru |
| Breeder / source | IIHR, Karnataka (ICAR) |
| Year released | 2002 (recommended for release) |
| Parentage | Pedigree selection; F9 derivative of cross (Pant C1 × IHR 517 A) |
| Yield | 25 t/ha green chilli; 3 t/ha dry chilli |
| Tolerance | Tolerant to powdery mildew and viruses |
| Distinctive features | Pendent fruit bearing; medium-length pods; dual-purpose (green and dry); early maturing; combines lines from GBPUAT (Pant C1) and IIHR (IHR 517 A) |
| Grown in | South India (Karnataka, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh); rain-fed and irrigated zones |
| Also known as | Arka Suphal, Arka Suphal PMR 57 |
Figures are indicative, compiled from public agricultural sources (ICAR institutes, State Agricultural Universities, the Spices Board and the National Innovation Foundation) and vary with soil, season and management. Confirm with your local package of practices.
Arka Suphal in detail
Arka Suphal is a nationally released chilli variety bred for dual-purpose harvest (green and dry), combining pendent pod bearing with tolerance to powdery mildew and viruses.
Origin & story
Developed by ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research (IIHR), Bengaluru, Arka Suphal is an F9 derivative of the cross between Pant C1 (GBPUAT) and IHR 517 A (IIHR), produced through pedigree selection. It was approved as a national release in 2002 at the AICRP (Vegetable Crops) workshop.
How it grows
Medium-long pendent fruits (6-7 cm x 1 cm), smooth-skinned, maturing from green to deep red, with a green yield of about 25 tonnes per hectare and dry yield of about 3 tonnes per hectare. Suited to both irrigated and rainfed cultivation. Early maturing. The PMR 57 variant is indeterminate, growing to 80-90 cm, with straight, smooth, pointed-tipped fruits 7-9 cm long.
Quality & character
Smooth, medium-long, pendent-bearing fruits that ripen from green to deep red. The pendent habit eases manual picking. Smooth skin and steady maturation help the fruit dry to finished product.
Why it matters to buyers
Pendent fruit orientation simplifies harvesting. Tolerance to powdery mildew and viruses can reduce disease pressure. Dual aptitude for fresh market and dry spice trade offers flexibility for growers. Seed is distributed through the IIHR seed portal; third-party listings have offered packets at around Rs 700.
About dry red chilli
India grows chillies across a spectrum of heat levels, colours, and purposes—from the mild, deep-red Byadgi prized for oleoresin and paprika, to the searingly hot Bhut Jolokia of Assam's Northeast. Between these extremes sit dozens of released varieties from ICAR institutes (IIHR Bengaluru, IARI Delhi) and state universities, plus landraces and regional…
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