Cardamom variety · Released variety
CCS-1
Also known as Kodagu Cardamom-Suvasini; IISR Kodagu Suvasini
Appangala, Kodagu, Karnataka (IISR Cardamom Research Centre) · Indian Institute of Spices Research (IISR), Cardamom Research Centre, Appangala · 1997
Malabar type, early maturing, compact plant suitable for intensive high-density cultivation. Multi-pest resistant: rhizome rot, thrips, and shoot/panicle/capsule borers. Excellent bold capsule percentage (89%) and essential oil content with high dry recovery.
Key facts
| Type | Released variety |
|---|---|
| Origin | Appangala, Kodagu, Karnataka (IISR Cardamom Research Centre) |
| Breeder / source | Indian Institute of Spices Research (IISR), Cardamom Research Centre, Appangala |
| Year released | 1997 |
| Parentage | Malabar type compact selection |
| Yield | reported around 745 kg dry/ha; potential 1,322 kg/ha at high plant density; 22% dry recovery |
| Tolerance | Rhizome rot-resistant; thrips-resistant; shoot/panicle/capsule borer tolerant; 600–1200 m |
| Distinctive features | Malabar type, compact, early maturing, 89% bold capsules, 8.7% essential oil |
| Grown in | Karnataka (Kodagu); 600–1200 m, suitable for high-density systems |
| Also known as | Kodagu Cardamom-Suvasini; IISR Kodagu Suvasini |
Figures are indicative, compiled from public agricultural sources (ICAR institutes, State Agricultural Universities, the Spices Board and the National Innovation Foundation) and vary with soil, season and management. Confirm with your local package of practices.
CCS-1 in detail
Released by IISR in 1997, CCS-1 is a compact Malabar-type cardamom developed by selection from open-pollinated progeny, suited to both traditional and intensive high-density planting.
Origin & story
Developed at the Indian Institute of Spices Research (ICAR-IISR) Cardamom Research Centre in Appangala, Kodagu district, Karnataka, and released in 1997. It was selected from open-pollinated progeny of the line CL-37 and carries the name Kodagu Cardamom-Suvasini, also designated IISR Kodagu Suvasini.
How it grows
CCS-1 is adapted to all cardamom-growing tracts of Karnataka. Its compact habit (about 205 cm height, 41 tillers per clump) and early maturity (around 112 days from flowering to fruit) suit high-density planting. Average yield is about 745 kg dry capsules/ha, with a demonstrated potential of around 1,322 kg/ha under optimized management.
Quality & character
Produces about 89% bold capsules (7.2 mm and above). Essential oil content is around 8.7% with dry recovery of about 22%. The oil profile includes roughly 37% terpenyl acetate and 42% 1,8-cineole. Plants carry about 37 panicles per clump, with around 129 flowers and 60 capsules per panicle.
Why it matters to buyers
The high proportion of bold (7.2 mm+) capsules and the documented essential oil content make CCS-1 a reasonable choice for processors and exporters wanting consistent grade. Its early maturity and tolerance to thrips and capsule borer help reduce production risk, and its suitability for high-density planting can improve land use in Kodagu-type zones.
About cardamom
In Kerala's rolling spice gardens, cardamom isn't just one plant—it's three distinct botanical types, each with its own character. The Malabar type, with flowers drooping down like a skirt, thrives in the softer elevations of 600–1200 metres. Mysore stands tall and erect, reaching its best between 900–1200 metres on the wind-swept heights. And Vazhukka, a…
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