Garlic variety · Released variety
Yamuna Safed
Also known as G-1, Yamuna Safed-1
NHRDF, Nashik (mass selection from Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, 1990) · National Horticultural Research and Development Foundation (NHRDF) · 1999
Foundational white variety, excellent for widespread cultivation; ideal for north and central Indian plains; reliable storage; base of the Yamuna Safed series
Key facts
| Type | Released variety |
|---|---|
| Origin | NHRDF, Nashik (mass selection from Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, 1990) |
| Breeder / source | National Horticultural Research and Development Foundation (NHRDF) |
| Year released | 1999 |
| Parentage | Mass selection from local collection, Dindigul, TN |
| Yield | reported 150–175 q/ha; 140–150 days maturity |
| Tolerance | Moderate tolerance to foliar diseases; good storage life |
| Distinctive features | Compact silvery-white bulbs 4.0–4.5 cm dia; 25–30 sickle-shaped cloves; TSS 38°B, 40% dry matter; 29 μmol/g pyruvic acid |
| Grown in | Recommended all-India; particularly north and central zones |
| Also known as | G-1, Yamuna Safed-1 |
Figures are indicative, compiled from public agricultural sources (ICAR institutes, State Agricultural Universities, the Spices Board and the National Innovation Foundation) and vary with soil, season and management. Confirm with your local package of practices.
Yamuna Safed in detail
Yamuna Safed (G-1) is a foundational white garlic released by NHRDF in 1999, bred for reliable performance across India's plains, with compact 4.0-4.5 cm bulbs and cloves of medium pungency well-suited to storage and domestic cultivation.
Origin & story
Yamuna Safed (G-1) was developed by mass selection from a local collection and notified by the Government of India in 1999 (notification 1092(E), dated 26 October 1999). NHRDF, whose head office moved to Nashik in 1989, released it as a foundational variety in the Yamuna Safed series, with roots in South Indian germplasm (a collection from Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, in 1990). The G-1 designation reflects its role as a base white-garlic variety for the northern and central plains.
How it grows
Matures in 140-150 days and yields about 150-175 quintals per hectare. Notified for cultivation across India, but particularly suited to the northern and central regions. General garlic practice plants cloves at roughly 15 cm x 10 cm spacing with around 500-600 kg of cloves per hectare. It serves as a base variety in the Yamuna Safed series that later cultivars built upon.
Quality & character
Compact bulbs 4.0-4.5 cm in diameter with silvery-white skin and creamy flesh; 25-30 sickle-shaped cloves per bulb. Quality profile: 38°B total soluble solids, 40% dry matter, and 29 μmol/g pyruvic acid (medium pungency). A reliable storer valued for its uniformity and compact form.
Why it matters to buyers
Traders and seed producers value G-1 for its stability and predictable handling. Domestic buyers prefer it for consistent pungency and reliable storage life under cool, dry conditions. It is stocked by NHRDF and seed houses in major production zones and offered to growers and merchants in bulk.
About garlic
India grows both short-day and long-day garlic varieties suited to its diverse agro-climates, from the tropical Deccan to the Himalayan foothills. The National Horticultural Research Development Foundation (NHRDF) in Nashik has released the widely planted Yamuna Safed series from southern germplasm, while the Directorate of Onion and Garlic Research (DOGR)…
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