Garlic varieties

NHRDF, Nashik (mass selection from Biharsharif, Bihar germplasm) · National Horticultural Research and Development Foundation (NHRDF) · 1989

First NHRDF release; compact silvery-white bulbs with good shelf life; widely grown in export trade but requires low-humidity regions due to disease susceptibility

NHRDF, Nashik (mass selection from Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, 1990) · National Horticultural Research and Development Foundation (NHRDF) · 1999

Foundational white variety, excellent for widespread cultivation; ideal for north and central Indian plains; reliable storage; base of the Yamuna Safed series

NHRDF, Nashik (from Dindigul collection, 1990) · National Horticultural Research and Development Foundation (NHRDF)

Large creamy-white bulbs for commercial export; early maturing; popular in Madhya Pradesh, Haryana, Punjab

NHRDF, Nashik · National Horticultural Research and Development Foundation (NHRDF)

Creamy-white bulbs suited for processing and domestic use; wider regional adaptability; good clove uniformity

NHRDF, Nashik (selection from Hong Kong market collection, 1992) · National Horticultural Research and Development Foundation (NHRDF)

Larger cloves excellent for export; long-day type for hills; developed specifically for mid to higher elevations in Jammu-Kashmir and Himalayan zones

NHRDF, Nashik · National Horticultural Research and Development Foundation (NHRDF)

New long-day release for higher hills and mid-elevation zones; superior yield to check varieties G-41, G-282, G-189; popular for farmer adoption in Himalayan states

DOGR (Directorate of Onion and Garlic Research), Pune · Indian Council of Agricultural Research, DOGR

Short-day white bulb type; stable yield performer in dry regions; recommended for Delhi, Gujarat, Haryana, Rajasthan

DOGR (Directorate of Onion and Garlic Research), Pune · Indian Council of Agricultural Research, DOGR

Distinctive purple-striped clove skins; novel colour trait; growing market demand for organic and specialty channels; adaptable to wider agro-climatic range

NHRDF, Nashik (likely) · Indian Council of Agricultural Research

Purple bulb with high pyruvate content and strong aroma; salt-tolerant genotype; maintains yield under salinity stress; specialty market value for pungency

Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU), Horticultural Research Station, Ooty · Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU) · 1991

Hill-adapted white variety for Tamil Nadu and southern high-altitude regions; resistance to thrips and tip-drying; high yield potential for cooler elevations

ICAR-Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture (CITH), Srinagar · Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture, ICAR · 2016

Large-clove long-day type for Himalayan zone; premium market price due to clove size and aroma; high yield potential for temperate zones; preferred by consumers and traders

Kashmir Himalayan region (1,800+ m elevation); landraces maintained by farmers in Pulwama, Anantnag districts · Folk selection / farmer-maintained landraces

Rare single-clove type with unique high-altitude terroir; strongest flavour and pungency; premium pricing for specialty markets; traditional medicinal use; cultural significance